Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of Orrery KT PC FRS (28 July 1674 – 28 August 1731) was an English nobleman, statesman and patron of the sciences.

Like the first earl, he was an author, soldier and statesman. He translated Plutarch’s life of Lysander, and published an edition of the epistles of Phalaris, which engaged him in the famous controversy with Bentley.

He was a member of the Irish Parliament and sat for Charleville between 1695 and 1699. He was three times member for the town of Huntingdon; and on the death of his brother, Lionel, 3rd earl, in 1703, he succeeded to the title.